The birth of Skinhead Culture

Skinhead is basically a new wave of Mods culture that has developed a few years earlier. Initially, they called the Hard Mods, a term that refers to the makeup, behavior and mindset they harsher than the traditional Mods.
The Skinhead gang was more impressed than their predecessors, they more often use violence, a natural behavior of the children of the working class are not satisfied with the reality of his life. One thing to keep in mind here that the actual emergence of the Skinhead is a rejection of the Mods that way of thinking when it started to lose its essence (Most of the Mods when it became Hippies). They are people who reject traditional dress Mods who was very expensive and can not be purchased by the children as their working class.
But like Mods, Skinheads had great respect for the way they dress neat and tidy. The difference with the basic idea of Mods Skinhead fashion is how to make it look neat, dapper, elegant, but at the same time also looks hard, gahar, and punk. The result is an outfit that is completely different with the Mods, expensive suit in the left, instead they chose collar shirts Fred Perry, Ben Sherman shirts, Levi's Staprest or Levi's Jeans 501, in addition to a pair of suspenders to hold to stay in the hip, and Harrington jackets, jeans or jacket Crombie (a coat). Dancing shoes replaced by Industrial Boots, before finally Boots Dr Martens branded out on the market, and become a more popular choice. Hair pieces in the days getting shorter blades, in some cases even almost bald so people can see their scalp on the sidelines of their hair very short, from this came the term 'Skinhead'. Similarly, the women, they also cut hair very short, term for this hairstyle is the Feather cut (very short on top but keep them long in the side and bangs on the usually depannnya). Scooter vehicle remains as popular as traditional among the Mods, but now it is not longer a necessity, for Skinhead scooter as a vehicle is traveling is not an object for the trophy on their friends, as in the Mods, (so, no good , no it's fine). The clothes of their choice because of all the goods are cheap and affordable by the bag of children at the time the working class. Another thing is the reason for selection of clothes is because all the clothes were more suited as a "service uniform fighting in the streets" rather than traditional-style suit, Mods, although the dancing shoes and a suit remains in use in some occasions. Like Rude boy in Jamaica, any violence is very identical to the Skinhead culture. The fight also likely to be the reason why the Boots of choice, especially those in the coated steel at the ends (Steel Toe), which can make weapons to injure opponents. That was the reason why the haircut "almost bald" to be their choice, namely that the hair could not be in the bunch when bekelahi with the enemy, and in an era that is usually the men keep beards, too, who was doing the Skinhead on this. The fight is what makes them a bad reputation among the general public, Skinheads are street toughs who reject its existence in society.
At the end of 1968 the number of Hard Mods increasingly, as more and more young children of the working class who reject the traditional Mods mindset. Gank-gank any Hard Mods emerged in cities like London, Birmingham, Liverpool, New Castle and Glasgow (his Gang called the Glasgow Spy Kids is very popular to this day to the reputation of violence). At first they called for different in each city, the most common are Heads Clean, Shave Heads, Spy kids, and Peanuts (referring to the sound of the scooter they were riding). In the year 1969 Mods rejection of middle-class culture that was already contaminated bungapun generation mindset increasingly become-and so, the traditional separation between Mods that have evolved so Hippies and Hard Mods / Skinhead was unavoidable. The Hippies are the average middle class which is the main enemy of the Skinheads. The fight that led to this violence occurs in every occasion they met, but the greatest place on Bank Holiday in 1968 and 1969, here Skinhead media attention for the first time.
One more thing that make up the Skinhead culture is violence that occurs on the football terraces. England's is a country with a football culture deeply rooted. Since the victory of England in the 1966 World Cup in football became increasingly attract the attention of young children English at that time. Tradition of watching football at the weekend with his father gradually disappeared, along with part-time job that many children did that time the working class who make them have their own money to buy tickets go to football petandingan. Violence and Hooliganisme was already entrenched in the world persepak bolaan English for centuries before, but entered the era of the 60's it was more organized. The hooligans are mostly featured Hard Mods gahar with jeans and boots like that in the mentioned above. Hooliganisme organized or more known as the 'Firm / Mobs' is increasingly prevalent in the season from 1968 to 1969. It was almost all the teams the south and north of England have hooligans who gang members were all Skinheads. They usually make trouble not only off the field, but also in the field, fighting with other supporters and of course with the police. In a short time media such as The Sunday Mirror, Suns and The Football mails Skinhead associate with the riot. At first the news casual but over time it increasingly excessive coverage and one-sided, place the Skinheads as the sole defendant even if the riots are not happening because of their behavior. Fights and riots occurred in almost every game, especially in the northern region where soccer and cultural Beyonce is more popular than supporters danced in night clubs like in the south of England. The fight is becoming more frequent to make the Skinhead feel the need to arm themselves. Boots are now in a sense no longer enough, now they are arming themselves with knives folding knives or knives used in use to shave (Razor). These weapons and even then in use in the fight against Hippes, Rockers, Greaser, and Hell Angels. Skinhead is increasingly synonymous with juvenile delinquency and even violence and serious crime, it makes them wary keberedaanya by the people, especially the police. Fighting in the streets, create chaos in the football terraces, beating Hippies, (even) Mods on the Bank Holiday, yeah ... the new culture is really identical with violence. But there are times where they left Yes ... ..!!! The next thing to form Skinhead culture from the culture at the Mods and will cling to the Skinhead until whenever is their love of black music sperti RnB, Soul (output Tamla, Stax and Motown) and music Ska / Reggae from Jamaica. What distinguishes the Mods Skinheads in terms of listening to music are: Mods are very fond of Soul and Ska (they call it bluebeat, a label that released in the UK Prince Buster), but their main desire is to include songs from The Who and The Small Faces , while the Skinheads would rather listen to music at that time Jamaica has evolved into Reggae, yes .... Skinhead music is synonymous with Reggae. Why the Skinhead Reggae adopted as the music has a lot of debate today. The first theory is that it is caused by the Skinheads are living next door to Jamaican immigrants, so there are cultural interaction between them, one of them is Reggae music. This causes the Skinheads are influenced by culture and Rudeboy appearance in Jamaica, including at shorten pants or rolled over to show ankle Boots 8 or 10 holes which was popular among Skinheads. 'Both Mods and Skinheads are loved and inspired by the Rude Boy Jamaican culture, and combined with the British working class culture to form a new culture of the Skinhead culture'. The second theory is that this is caused by the cultural heritage of Mods and more so because of the popularity of Ska increased since the song My Boy Lollypop (Millie Small) perched at number 1 position in the British national charts in 1964. The third theory is that this is caused by record prices at Reggae which is cheap, so easy for the Skinhead to get it. However, the theory most widely approved are: the adoption of Skinhead Reggae as a musical moment caused by their rejection of Progressive Rock music ala Woodstock bands like The Cream and Jimmy Hendrix are the preferred by the Hippies, yes .... Skinhead is a cultural rejection of the culture that tends Hippies middle class. But whatever the reason, when the Pioneers released Longshot Kick The Bucket and achieve success in October 1969, and in one after another with a song that Desmond Dekker Israelites who won bejudul Pucak position at the end of 1969, and Skinhead Reggae became increasingly synonymous, and munculah new name for this musical genre: 'Skinhead Reggae'. But the main thing that makes Skinhead Reggae certainly interested in a cheerful rhythm and took the body naturally to dance. In fact it is not important song because few Skinhead then who understand the language 'slang' in Jamaica is used in the Reggae songs. The proof is: his Israelites Desmond Dekker may sell as many as 8 million copies around the world at the time, but just asked what the contents of the lyrics to Skinhead 10 people and you'll get 10 different answers. 'And that's the things that make up this culture, from the Gang Hard Mods on the street with scooternya, Bootboys / Hooligans in football terrace, and Rude Boy on the dance floor came the children of the working class named Skinhead ....'
Jamaica Ska music was already entered into the UK since the early decades of the 60's and got popular in the mid-decade. It's all thanks to the expertise of the promoters who brought music artists like Jamaica to England, Chris Blackwell owner of Island Records. But what happens to these Ska different things that happened to Reggae. Although it is theoretically Reggae is a 'new forms' of Ska, it does not make direct Reggae popular in the UK. Reggae in the early entry into the UK mainland in 1968, radio stations and music media provides almost no support in Reggae. In fact even as they criticized the Reggae music that is still raw (sometimes Reggae uses only 2 guitars and the duration of the key 2 or 3 minutes, totally in contrast with the complex Progressive Rock and the duration of 6 to 8 minutes), more than that they call it a music 'yobbo (crude and stupid)'. Skinhead Reggae association with this music was made in the market away from the mainstream. Consequently, if there is no publicity and coverage in the media of course will not be able to enter the charts and very few stores that would sell records Reggae artists like Bob Andy, Desmond Dekker and Toots and The Maytals. Reggae moment in the play only in the pubs and night clubs such as the Ram Jam Club, Golden star club, The Ska Bar, etc, which most visitors are the Skinheads, who quickly adopted this music as an important part of their new culture . But with larger and larger and the spread of Skinhead culture in the UK, the Reggae became more popular, it is this that leads Reggae songs to the top of national charts, and then suddenly Reggae became a favorite with everyone, not just Skinhead only.
The most prominent record companies that produce and distribute recordings Reggae LPs when it was Recods Trojan. This company was established by Island Records and Beat and Commercial Company (B & C) in the year 1968. But then the owner Chris Blackwell Island records withdraw from Trojan ownership records, the company gave all the owners Goptal Lee B & C company that had been an accountant. The main rival of the Trojan Pama records are records and the labels that the subsidies are the property of Harry Palmer and two brothers. Each label-artist artist mepunyai own popular among Skinheads time. On the Trojans have artists such as Desmond Dekker, Judge Dread, Toots and The Maytals, Harry J Allstars, The Pioneers, The Maytones, Joe White, Clancy Ecccles, Symarips and more, while in the Pama there: Laurel Aitken, Derrick Morgan, Pat Kelly, The Marvels, Alton Ellis, The Upsetter, and much more. Competition between the two labels are in use by Jamaican producers who are not honest to make more money, they often sign contracts with both the label without the knowledge of one of them. But this competition to win by a Trojan, with more than 40 fruit labels in the subsidies, the label is 80% controlled Reggae music market at the time. At the end of 1969 released a Trojan Reggae hits that would become very legendary in Skinhead culture, namely Skinhead Moonstomp by Symarips (aka The Pyramids). Skinhead Moonstomp then even become a standard for the songs Skinhead Reggae, and his rhythm is a derivative of his Moonhop Derrick Morgan released by Pama. Apart from this is the song Moonstomp Skinhead Reggae Skinhead discussed first in the lyrics, it makes Skinhead now have a funnel as a separate publication, moreover, it makes the strong emotional connection between artists Jamaican Reggae with the Skinheads, the British working class children which became the main fans. Skinhead Moonstomp then in one after another by the other songs that make the object of discussion Skinheads in the lyrics, including a girl Skinhead, Skinhead Jamboree (The Symarips), Skinhead Shuffle (The Mohawk), Skinhead Train (Laurel Aitken), Skinheads do not fear and Skinhead Moondust (The Hot Rod All stars), Skinhead Revolt (Joe the Boss), Skinhead a message to you (Desmond Riley), Skinhead a Bash Them (Claudette and the Corporation), and much more. Skinhead Reggae popular in England at that time and even then make Ska and Rocksteady again popular in the dance floors night clubs. Another favorite music in Skinhead circles at the time was American Soul music which is more known by the term 'Northern Soul' is released under the label Tamla Motown, Stax and Atlantic Records. Artists among his other is Martha Reeves and The Vandelas, Smokey Robinson, Aretha Franklin, The Miracles, The Supremes, Ray Charles, etc., which are popular decade since the early 60's.Even at the beginning of the year in 1970 Caribbean Music Festivals held in 9000 attended the audience, in one after another with the UK Reggae Tour featuring The Upsetter, The Pioneers, Jimmy Cliff, Harry J Allstars, Desmond Dekker, Max Romeo, etc., are around England during 4 weeks. Famous clubs in London were regularly showing Jamaican artists. Reggae really popular at the time, and fans are fanatical Skinhead, not even a little of their music became a serious collector of Jamaica. Some of them even become DJs Reggae and start their own business the system sound. There is even a kind of unwritten rule that time, ie more in the collection have a Skinhead then he will get the respect, little wonder then Skinhead spent most of his money to buy Reggae LPs.
Entering the era of 70-Skinhead culture became increasingly larger and more far left 'father' of the Mods. Culture is increasingly synonymous with violence, along with coverage in the media that is increasingly cornered them. At that time more and more young children who join this culture, unfortunately they are affected by Skinheads reputation in the media form, so they think Skinhead is about violence, riot at a football stadium and beat anyone they dislike. Later this reputation further violence in campurnya participate perparah with right-wing political forces that infiltrated Skinhead culture. Since 1971 in Jamaica Reggae music itself change with the widespread understanding Rastafarians (an understanding that teach that the black race out of Africa must go back to Africa, the land promised to them) in the country. Reggae suddenly is about Zion, Jah, Babylon, and all things smelly Africa, no more songs about the Skinhead in mainland UK, this course seemed to break the emotional connection between Jamaica and the Skinhead culture. Own soul has now evolved in such a way to disco music, make Skinhead losing her identity. Now only the violence is all this cultural identity, all of a sudden you are the guilty in the eyes of society if you are a Skinhead. This makes the older Skinheads and is the pioneer of this culture increasingly disgusted with the situation at that time. The more you're old then you're more mature and do not want to stop doing stupid things like fighting in the streets without a clear purpose. Entering the year 1972 Skinhead culture increasingly lost its way, but this culture is not destroyed or simply disappeared like a trend, reality Skinhead culture continues to grow as the birth of a new generation of this culture ... .. This story was continued with leaders who are 'the children' Skinhead culture named: Suedehead, Smoothies, Bootboys, and Clockwork Skinhead ...